Design · National 5
Modelling
4 cards · 3 quiz · 1 exam
Design & Manufacture · National 5 · mrkellydt.co.uk
What you're learning in this topic
Learning intention WALT
We are learning about modelling, specifically to:
know
- reasons for choosing sketch, scale, block and computer-generated models
understand
- how models are used to generate and explore, test and refine, and communicate
- the advantages of using models in the design process
Success criteria WILF
- I can explain how models are used to generate and explore, test and refine, and communicate
- I can give reasons for choosing sketch, scale, block and computer-generated models
- I can describe the advantages of using models in the design process
Why model
Models are used through the whole design process to:
- Generate and explore: quick, low detail, communicate ideas that are hard to sketch.
- Test and refine: check ergonomics, key dimensions, moving parts, how parts fit, manufacturing details. More detailed and accurate as refinement goes on.
- Communicate: show the client the final appearance or function, gather market research.
Types of model
- Sketch model: fast, low cost, any scrap material (card, foam, wire, clay). Explores ideas, checks proportion and stability.
- Block model: solid, usually non-working, shows shape and form. Built up or carved from Styrofoam, MDF or clay. Often used to test ergonomics.
- Scale model: for things too big or small to model full size (buildings, sets). Checks proportion against users/surroundings and assembly. Keep the scale consistent and include a reference point.
- Computer-generated model: realistic, easy to change, test colours/materials, produce many drawings from one model, link to 3D printers and CNC machines, share digitally.
Key terms
| Sketch model | Quick, low-cost model from scrap materials to generate and explore ideas. |
|---|---|
| Block model | Solid, non-working model showing shape and form; often used to test ergonomics. |
| Scale model | Model at a different scale for objects too large or small to model full size. |
| Computer-generated model benefit | Easy to change, realistic, can produce drawings and link to CAM/3D printing. |
Quick check
1. Which model would a designer use to test the comfort of a handle grip?
- Scale model
- Exploded drawing
- Sketch model of a different product
- Block model
Show answer
D: Block model. Block models show the true form and are often used to test ergonomics.
2. An architect shows a new school building to the council. Which model?
- Scale model
- Sketch model
- Block model
- Computer-generated model
Show answer
A: Scale model. Too large to model full size.
3. Why are sketch models used early in the design process?
- They show exactly what the final finish will be
- They are quick and low cost to make and change
- They are fully working and can be user tested
- They are used to set up mass production
Show answer
B: They are quick and low cost to make and change. Speed and low cost suit idea generation.
Exam-style questions
1. Identify two types of model and describe how they could be used in the design process. (4 marks)
Show marking guidance
- 1 mark per correct type, 1 mark per use
- Sketch model: quickly generate/explore ideas or check proportions
- Block model: test ergonomics, show form
- Scale model: check proportion against users/environment
- CAD model: test colours/materials, share with team, link to CAM
Printable worksheet
An I do, we do, you do worksheet for this topic, with a separate answer sheet.